Mlb League Baseball Is A North American Baseball League

Major League Baseball Major League Baseball is a North American baseball league that sponsors professional baseball teams and players. MLB is the most successful and oldest North American professional sports league. MLB has had some of the best athletes in the history of the world. It is America’s pastime and is the best professional sports league in the world. On February 2, 1876, the national league of baseball was formed. This league would come to be known as the National league in the Major League of Baseball. The American league in the Major League of Baseball was later formed in 1901. There were 8 original teams. The Boston Red Stockings, Chicago White Stockings, Cincinnati Red Stockings, Hartford Dark Blues, Louisville Grays, Mutual†¦show more content†¦The World Series was created in 1903. The best team from the National League and American League would compete at the end of each season to be crowned World Series Champions. The American League has won 63 of the 110 World Series played, leaving 47 of them to be won by National League teams. The New York Yankees have won the most World Series, having won 27 of them. The St. Louis Cardinals have won 11. The Most Valuable Player Award was introduced to baseball in 1911. The best player in each league was given the award due to their outstanding playing that season. The most MVP awards ever won was 7, won by Barry Bonds. In 1956, the CY Young award was created. It was named after one of the best pitchers in history. This awarded the best pitcher in all of baseball in that season. Then in 1967, the award was given to not just the best pitcher in all of baseball, but the best in the National and American league both got the award. Roger Clemens won the most CY Young awards ever with 7. These are the most popular and most prestigious awards to win. There are many other awards such as, the Silver slugger, Gold glove, Delivery man, Platinum Glove, Rookie of the year, and Comeback Player of the Year, Manager of the Year, World Series MVP, the Hank Aaron award,

Judicial Activism Free Essay Example, 750 words

Judicial Activism Judicial Activism The ideas presented by both legal luminaries Attorney General Edwin Meese and Justice WilliamJ. Brennan were insightful and provided me with a greater understanding of the various ways on how to interpret the Constitution as well on how to determine its purpose and intent. After reading and pondering on the arguments of both sides, I am more inclined to side with judicial activism as argued by Brennan that the Constitution must be viewed as living and evolving and as law that is responsive to the realities of the time, rather than Meese’s argument of judicial restraint of interpreting the Constitution according to the original intent of the its Framers. The reason why I came down on Brennan’s side is that I find his point of view more realistic and progressive compared to Meese’s conservatism of sticking to the interpretation by the Framers of the Constitution, which is difficult, if not impossible, to determine. Borrowing from his words, I just find it unsettling that the â€Å"Constitution was meant to be interpreted only as the founding fathers intended† (Perry, 2004 pg. We will write a custom essay sample on Judicial Activism or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now 5) because it would be impossible to determine what their exact thoughts were given the time lapsed after the Constitution was framed. There may be notes and documents made during the debate in Philadelphia when the drafting of the Constitution was still in process but they will always be incomplete and can only give hint of the intent of the Framers and cannot provide the total idea of the Framers when the Constitution was drafted. Assuming for the sake of argument that we should base our interpretations on the original intent of the Framers of the Constitution, the best record available during the drafting process of the Constitution that represents the thought of the Framers only represents about 7 percent of the Philadelphia debates. Gleaning from this figure, it is likely that succeeding interpretation would be to interpret it in the manner of judicial activism for utter lack of documents to base the decision. There is also a flaw in this line of argument. I may wholeheartedly agree that the Framers of the Constitution had the noblest intention when they drafted the Constitution but they could not possibly anticipate nor box the realities of future according to the wisdom of their time. Everybody knows that time changes and succeeding generation learn from experience that it will no longer be practical or feasible to go back to the wisdom that did not even have a glimpse of their experience. This is the very reason why portions of the Constitution are articulated in generalities – to let future generation to interpret according to the realities of their time. Even Meese agreed that there are portions in the Constitution that were framed in generalities for it to express general principles that will enable people to interpret according to the realities of our times. This is necessary as Justice Brennan would argue that â€Å"It is arrogant to pretend that from our vantage we can gauge accurately the intent of the framers on application of principle to specific, contemporary questions† (Perry, 2004 pg 5) and thus calls for judicial activism not only for necessity but also as a better alternative. I also find the argument of Meese too simplified when he interpreted that judicial activism is â€Å"too many of the court’s opinions are, on the whole, more policy choices than articulations of constitutional principle† because this meant that interpretations outside of his own are arbitrary and ignorant for it was merely based on opinion and prevailing interest and not on the basis of law. Judicial activism is not a policy choice but rather an adequate response of the law to the realities of the time. We evolve and learn along the way and correspondingly, the Constitution must also adapt. Chief Justice Earl Warren explained in 1954 â€Å"the evolving standards of decency that mark the progress of a maturing society† (Perry, 2004 pg. 6) and correspondingly, this reality should compel us to interpret the law in a more appropriate way that responds to the standards of decency of the time. The law must not drag us back into the Middle Age. It should instead serve as a beacon that would usher us towards a just, humane and progressive society in the future that is why I am inclined towards judicial activism in interpreting the Constitution. Borrowing the words of Brennan, we should always ask â€Å"What do the words of the text mean in our time? † (Perry, 2004 pg. 5) instead of literally interpreting the Constitution under the outdated lens of judicial restraint. Reference Perry Barbara (2004). Original Intent or Evolving Constitution? Two Competing Views on Interpretation. American Bar Association. Insights on Law & Society 5.1

A.J. Dbq for Us History Advanced Placement Free Essays

Before Andrew Jackson became president, he came off as an average man living in middle class America. He pulled his â€Å"Average Joe† persona off like a pro and got elected into the White house as a â€Å"man of the people†. However, Jackson may have been a common man, but he wielded power like a king. We will write a custom essay sample on A.J. Dbq for Us History Advanced Placement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Kings have a difficult job. They have to walk the fine line of being strict enough that the subjects won’t throw a fit when they don’t get what they want but at the same time not being too dictatorial or else the people will rebel. More importantly, a king must be firm in what he believes is right for the country. Jackson greatly increased the power of the presidency. He did not comply with the checks and balance system, and also did not allow North Carolina to nullify the Protective Tariff of 1823. Jackson fired the old aristocrats (from farming families) from government jobs and replaced them with incompetent people – this was known as the â€Å"spoils system. † He was also responsible for the â€Å"Trail of Tears†. Jackson took his job extremely seriously and used his full power to help the entire country. Andrew Jackson often took advantage of his veto power. He was very willing to veto the laws that the legislative branch came up with. Because of this, Congress learned to ask for his opinions in advance to avoid vetos. All presidents have since had a say on impending legislation. Andrew was not afraid to use his power aggressively if it meant helping the whole country. An example of this is in the Nullification Crisis. In short, this was when Andrew Jackson passed tariff acts on the states. South Carolina, after years of complaining about it, finally refused to obey the 1832 tariff. They voted to have troops defend them against Jackson. The president responded angrily and sent troops to South Carolina to enforce the tariff bill and asked Congress for a â€Å"Force Bill† to back him up. Andrew Jackson was also responsible for the Trail of Tears. This was when he forced thousands of Native Americans to relocate. In 1830, Jackson passed the Indian Removal Act. It ordered all Native Americans living east of the Mississippi River to move west of it. This resulted in many of them dying from exposure, disease and starvation while migrating. Jackson, of course, did this intending the best for the country. How to cite A.J. Dbq for Us History Advanced Placement, Papers

Plate Drivers And Fatal Traffic Accidents â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Plate Drivers And Fatal Traffic Accidents? Answer: Introducation P plate drivers refer to the probationary drivers who are at the initial stages of driving and have been licensed recently to authorize them for driving cars. Licenses are issued to them following proper driving test to assess their skills in driving. P license is usually issued for 1 year and it is expected on the part of the drivers to follow definite road safety guidelines. Zero percentage of blood alcohol content (BAC) must be noted for these drivers while driving. Driving speed limit below 80 km/hr is applicable for P plate drivers. Actions meant for P plate drivers The permission to hit the road all by oneself is granted through issuing of the probationary license. Statistically, the probationary or P plate drivers are more likely to cause road accidents as opposed to their experienced counterparts. It has been categorically mentioned in one report that in case of solo drive performance by a P plate driver, there remains 30 times chances of causing crashes and 3 times more likely to suffer injury or encounter death in contrast to the experienced drivers (Vintageroadhaulage.com.au, 2017). Types of P plate drivers P1 or red plate is valid for duration of 12 months during the time of probationary driving. P2 or green plate is applicable at the start of 12 months since when P1 license is granted to the driver and lasts for a minimum of three years. Measures to improve the graduated licensing scheme have been introduced in South Austrlia (Norman, Middleton and Nightingale 2015). Rules and Regulations for P plate drivers Specific instructions and guidelines are provided for the drivers regarding display of P plate Peer passenger restrictions are also applicable that need to be stringently followed. It is mandatory to display the plate for all times during driving. Carrying of license is must while driving. Use of mobile phones or any sort of messaging devices is strictly prohibited during driving. There should be no alcohol or illicit drugs inside the body while driving. Cancellation of license might be undertaken in case of violation of the rules and penalty may be imposed accordingly. Factors affecting road accidents during driving Drinking and driving- Consumption of alcohol that reduces the cognitive functioning and cause diminution of alertness. Intake of drugs that leads to euphoria thereby causing derangement of the emotional responses might be held responsible for causing road accidents. Talking on mobile phones while driving and driving in dim light at night hours might also pose challenges and culminate in causing road accidents (Scott-Parker 2016). Measures to reduce crashes due to driving/ Current Strategies available Graduate Driver Learning (GDL) refers to a comprehensive program introduced with the aim of gradually increasing exposure of the new drivers to more complicated driving situations. The program comprises of learner, provisional and open license phases. Learner license phase refers to the condition in which the novice driver is exposed to lower risk situations for the sake of obtaining practical learning experience. Learner license entitles the new driver to learn under the vigilance of supervisors, might delay the licensure and mandate the desired work hours necessary to go to the next level alongside encouraging parental involvement during the entire process. Provisional license phase is meant for imposing restrictions thereby mitigating the chances of exposure to highly risky situations. Reduction of crash risk is fostered through implementation of GDL with parental involvement as a crucial and integral step in the process (Bates et al. 2014) Effectiveness of the programs undertaken Road Ready Pre-Licensing Driver Education Program Attitudinal and belief related factors that have been detected to accentuate risk during the provisional license period among the novice drivers irrespective of their age was addressed by virtue of this program. Effectiveness of the ACT Road Ready pre-licensing driver education program directed to alter the novice driver risk related attitudes and practices in conjunction with mitigating the offence and road crashes was confirmed through evaluation study (Lennon et al. 2016). Drivers Compliance to Road Safety GDL is mainly targeted for the young drivers to reduce the incidences of fatalities and injuries due to road accidents. Compliance to the restriction imposed by virtue of GDL is low for young drivers. Empirical findings have compared the effects of both formal as well as informal deterrence with regards to compliance behaviors in the P plate drivers by referring to Australian survey data. Results depicted that informal deterrence instead of formal deterrence has the potential of generating feelings of shame due to wrongdoing thereby relating to the young drivers compliance with road rules (Allen, Murphy and Bates 2015). Proposed Measures to reduce risk for P plate drivers Setting speed limits while driving and avoiding night time driving Refraining from driving being intoxicated due to drinking of alcohol or taking other drugs Carrying only the approved number of passengers while driving No representation of risky behaviors such as that of racing and others Conducting repeated appraisals of driving skills and knowledge Purchasing a car having good feedbacks and review Considering the fact that the young ones who are categorized as P plate drivers are most prone to result in causing road accidents in Australian domicile, a national strategy has been beckoned by the concerned authority to mitigate the issue. The recent action plan has take into account certain broad safety measures encompassing safe roadside practices, improvement directed in terms of rendering protection for the vehicle occupant in conjunction with emphasis laid upon drink an drug driving has been put in force. The actions and strategies that have been improvised and implemented include: Implementation and evaluation of best practice educational programs as well as graduate licensing systems concerning the novice drivers Promotion of community in addition to industry participation in case of chief graduate licensing initiatives To increase public awareness regarding the safety benefits for the novice drivers emphasizing on: Lending extensive support before permitting solo driving Restricting access to higher risk driving like that of late night driving, driving with peer passengers in alliance to drinking and driving Further measures that are put in place to combat the road accidents and safety for the novice drivers in Australia include: Anti-hoon legislation to deter offenders who are accused of excess noise, street racing, exhibitions of accelerations and burn-outs, refusal to leave public place. Legislation in support of random roadside drug testing to check for the prudent application and implementation regarding prohibition on drug driving in Australian States and Territories Federal Chamber of Automotive Industries as a measure to curb on speed in advertising initiated the Voluntary Code of Practice for Motor Vehicle Advertising Active engagement of the motoring clubs to successfully carry out driver training and education as well as driver education and awareness for the young or novice drivers References Aaa.asn.au (2017).Road safety and young Australians Background information for Australias delegates to the UN World Youth Assembly for Road Safety. [online] www.aaa.asn.au. Available at: https://www.aaa.asn.au/storage/Road%20Safety%20and%20Young%20Australians.pdf [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Allen, S., Murphy, K. and Bates, L., 2015. What drives compliance? The effect of deterrence and shame emotions on young drivers compliance with road laws.Policing and Society, pp.1-15. Bates, L.J., Allen, S., Armstrong, K., Watson, B., King, M.J. and Davey, J., 2014. Graduated driver licensing: An international review.Sultan Qaboos university medical journal,14(4), p.e432. Lennon, A., Bates, L., Evenhuis, A. and Somoray, K., 2016. How effective is the ACT Road Ready Pre-Licencing Driver Education Program at changing novice driver risk related attitudes and reducing the offence and crash involvement of novice drivers in the ACT?. Norman, P., Middleton, N. and Nightingale, C., 2015. Enhancing South Australia's graduated licensing scheme through road safety partnerships and a strong evidence-base.Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety,26(4), p.54. Scott-Parker, B., 2016. Review of the graduated driver licensing programs in Australasia.Journal of the Australasian College of Road Safety,27(4), p.15. Vintageroadhaulage.com.au 2017.P-Plate Drivers 30 Times More Likely To Crash - Australian Statistics. [online] Vintage Road Haulage. Available at: https://www.vintageroadhaulage.com.au/p-plate-drivers/ [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017].